For over a century after the bicycle was invented, it took another few decades for bikes to become widely adopted, and even longer before safety regulations caught up. Despite the fact that the modern bike has been around for more than four decades, there’s still no legal requirement for adults to wear helmets, and only 21 states mandate their use for children. Yet, when it comes to safety, helmets are an unmatched investment because they provide unparalleled protection to the most critical part of our body—the head.
The Facts
In 2015, of the 817 bicyclists who died on U.S. roads, a mere 17% were wearing helmets. It’s not just reckless teenagers or inexperienced kids who are affected; more than 88% of those killed were over 20 years old, with the average age of fatalities being 45.
The Benefits of Helmets
Let’s face it: if you’re thrown from your bike in an accident, a helmet is your best defense against severe brain injury or even death. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, helmets are 85 to 88% effective in preventing head and brain injuries. Additionally, wearing a helmet can make a difference in legal proceedings. Even though helmets aren’t legally required, juries often rule against adult cyclists who weren’t wearing one at the time of an accident, reducing compensation for injuries.
Choosing the Right Helmet
Selecting the perfect helmet depends on both your riding style and personal preferences. There are three main types of bike helmets, each designed for specific riding conditions.
Road Bike Helmets
These lightweight, aerodynamic helmets feature ample ventilation to keep you cool. Their large vents are designed to protect you in case of a fall on smooth surfaces like pavement. Road bike helmets lack visors, ensuring an unobstructed view when you’re crouched over your bike.
Triathlon and Time Trial Helmets
Also called "aero" helmets, these are designed for maximum aerodynamics with features like pointed backs and sleek designs. Triathlon helmets often include magnetic buckles, clip-on visors, or other accessories that help you transition smoothly between activities, especially after a long, chilly swim. These helmets are ideal for competitive races where riders stay in a low, aerodynamic position for extended periods. However, they’re not great for casual rides as they limit peripheral vision and lose their aerodynamic edge when the rider is upright or looking down.
Mountain Bike Helmets
Designed for rugged terrains, mountain bike helmets offer enhanced coverage for the back and sides of your head. Their air vents are smaller and recessed to protect you when falling on uneven ground filled with rocks and branches. Many mountain bike helmets include built-in visors to shield your eyes from the sun, especially useful when riding through shaded forests. Mountain bikers sit more upright, so the visor doesn’t obstruct their view. Made from the same materials as road bike helmets, mountain bike helmets are thicker and cover more of the head’s rear area.
Full-Face Helmets
Some extreme off-road cyclists and BMX riders opt for full-face helmets to protect their mouths and lower faces in case of a spill. These helmets come with built-in chin guards and full visors to deflect flying debris effectively.
BMX Helmets
Besides full-face helmets, BMX helmets come in classic styles like "peanuts" or "old skool," which have less ventilation but excellent protection. Another variation covers the ears and offers slots for hearing.
Recreational Helmets
Recreational helmets are generally more affordable than specialized ones and sometimes include visors. Some companies offer helmet covers that resemble popular hats, allowing you to switch styles based on your mood and outfit.
Commuter Helmets
While you can wear any helmet for commuting, commuter-specific helmets offer practical benefits like built-in headlights and taillights to improve visibility and help you navigate dark routes safely.
The Latest Innovations
Starting in 2016, some helmets began incorporating the Multi-directional Impact Protection System (MIPS), which reduces rotational forces on the head during certain crashes. MIPS uses a low-friction layer to create a slip plane, addressing rotational impacts effectively.
Size Matters
A universal-fit helmet is better than none, provided you use the included inserts correctly. Better yet, choose a helmet tailored to your head size. Measure your head about an inch above your eyebrows using a string or ribbon, then consult the chart below to find the right size. Adjust the fit with the helmet’s sizing wheel for a snug fit.
Head Size Chart
- Under 20 inches: Extra Small
- 20–21.75 inches: Small
- 21.75–24.75 inches: Medium
- 23.25–24.75 inches: Large
- Over 24.75 inches: Extra Large
Most modern helmets have adjustable straps or mechanisms like ratchet knobs or locking sliders. Avoid overtightening, as this can cause headaches. Adjust until the helmet feels snug but not uncomfortable.
Preparing for the Worst
Even with a helmet, accidents can still happen. Consider bicycle insurance to cover damages, medical expenses, and theft. Accidents can strike anytime, and having insurance ensures peace of mind.
America’s best bicycle insurance offers free instant quotes—protect yourself today!
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