Why senior citizens should consider e-bikes and e-trikes

Many people fondly remember the carefree days of childhood, riding bikes purely for the joy of it. But somewhere between childhood and adulthood, a lot of us leave this cherished pastime behind, often letting it gather dust. In some cases, this might be due to the misconception that biking is just for kids. While there's some truth to that, it's not the whole story. Biking is indeed for kids, but it’s also for anyone who wants to enjoy the thrill of the ride! Seniors, in particular, can benefit greatly from incorporating regular cycling into their routines. Studies consistently highlight the mental and physical advantages of cycling, making it a fantastic activity for older adults. An e-bike takes this experience to the next level, offering a safer and more enjoyable way to explore the world on two wheels.

What is an e-bike?

Electric bicycles, commonly referred to as e-bikes, are similar to traditional bikes but come with a special perk: a battery-powered electric motor that assists you as you pedal. There are two main types of e-bikes: pedal-assist and throttle-equipped. Pedal-assist models require you to pedal for the motor to activate, while throttle-equipped bikes allow you to engage the motor with a simple button press. (It’s important to note that throttles are illegal in many areas, so always check local regulations before purchasing an e-bike).

The primary purpose of an e-bike is to make pedaling easier by providing an extra boost of power, allowing you to glide smoothly over rough terrains and tackle hills without exhausting yourself. Many e-bike owners report that having one has increased both the frequency and duration of their rides. Some even replace their cars with e-bikes for short trips and errands.

Once considered a niche product or a passing trend, e-bikes have gained widespread popularity. You can now find e-bikes tailored to every type of rider, available from various retailers such as local bike shops, chain stores, and even large department stores. Whether you're looking for a cargo bike or a mountain bike, there are plenty of options to suit most needs. Even electric tricycles are available on the market, offering additional stability for riders who prefer it. According to the September 2021 findings from research group NPD, e-bike sales grew impressively by 240% over a year, confirming what many in the industry have long suspected: e-bikes are here to stay.

Why e-bikes work for seniors

E-bikes are safe, affordable, and relatively easy to obtain. They also offer numerous physical, psychological, and emotional benefits, making them an excellent choice for seniors. Customization options abound, ensuring that you can tailor your e-bike to fit your unique needs. While it might take some effort to get motivated for a ride, the rewards are well worth it.

Safe and convenient

For those who feel uneasy or intimidated by driving a car, e-bikes can be a great alternative. They are typically easier to handle than cars and faster than standard bikes. Most e-bikes can reach speeds of up to 28 mph, though you don’t have to push them that fast! A battery-assisted bike also eliminates the need for frequent trips to the gas station, long walks to the store, or expensive parking fees in urban areas.

Environmentally friendly

E-bikes are far more eco-friendly than cars. Rechargeable batteries eliminate the harmful emissions associated with traditional vehicle engines. Bike tires produce fewer particulates compared to car tires, reducing pollution that you would otherwise inhale while driving. Although the manufacturing process for e-bikes is similar to that of cars, they use significantly less steel, plastic, and rubber, making them a greener option overall. Electric bikes are also cheaper to maintain and require less infrastructure than electric vehicles.

Health benefits

Bicycling is not only great for the environment but also an excellent way to safeguard your health. Regular physical activity, especially cardio, helps prevent a wide range of illnesses, including diabetes, cardiovascular problems, and certain cancers. Reducing exposure to toxic fumes lowers the risk of respiratory conditions. Exercise can also alleviate symptoms of chronic illnesses or aid in recovery from injuries or surgeries.

Improves physical fitness and wellness

Decades of scientific research have demonstrated the importance of exercise in maintaining physical fitness and overall well-being. Recent studies suggest that exercise positively affects nearly every cell in the body. To live a longer, healthier life, regular physical activity is essential for everyone. One of the most obvious benefits of cycling is its ability to burn fat and build muscle. Lowering body fat percentages is crucial because the risk of developing certain health issues, such as diabetes and heart conditions, increases as body fat levels rise. Muscle burns more calories than fat, so having a higher muscle mass can contribute to a more efficient metabolism. Cycling also strengthens lung function and enhances overall mobility. Its low-impact nature makes it a great exercise option for seniors, as it minimizes joint stress. Additionally, one study involving 100 adults found that those who exercised regularly had stronger immune systems and reported fewer illnesses than those who were inactive.

Mental stimulation and cognitive improvement

Science has long emphasized the positive impact of fresh air and exercise on physical, emotional, and psychological well-being. Numerous studies link outdoor exercise to improved self-esteem and reduced negative emotions like anger and depression. Cognitive function becomes sharper and quicker. Many of these positive effects can be attributed to the release of endorphins, such as serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline, during a ride.

Customizable options

With so many e-bikes on the market, it’s likely you’ll find one that suits your needs. If not, don’t worry—most e-bikes are incredibly easy to modify. Almost every component of a bike or trike can be adjusted to suit your preferences and the terrain you’ll be riding on.

If you need extra seat support to help maintain balance and reduce discomfort as your body adjusts to sitting on a bike saddle, consider a super plush seat or an ergonomically designed one. These seats feel more comfortable during rides and tend to cause less soreness afterward compared to standard saddles. However, give your body time to adapt and let the saddle break in before rushing to replace it; experts recommend at least a dozen rides. Additionally, cycling-specific shorts with a chamois pad are worth considering, as they are designed to provide maximum comfort and minimize chafing. These shorts are meant to be worn directly against the skin, eliminating the need for underwear during cycling. For rough or uneven terrain, fat tires offer better traction and stability, and an adjustable suspension fork can help absorb vibrations, protecting your hands and arms from strain. Step-through frames, also known as "low-step bikes," are ideal for those with limited flexibility or concerns about back, knee, leg, hip, or ankle issues. This design allows riders to easily get on and off the bike without having to swing their legs over a high bar.

E-trikes, which feature three wheels, provide extra stability and peace of mind for those who prefer a more grounded ride. While tricycles are safer and more stable, they can be heavier and require more storage space than two-wheelers. Baskets can be added to both e-bikes and e-trikes for carrying your belongings.

Things you should know

E-bikes are fantastic, and the idea of buying one can be quite appealing. However, there are a few things everyone should be aware of before purchasing an e-bike. First and foremost, e-bikes are an investment that will require ongoing maintenance and come with their own set of risks.

More expensive than traditional bikes

Electric bikes are pricier than conventional, non-motorized bikes. A decent e-bike with quality components starts at around $2,000 to $3,000 and can cost upwards of $12,000! While there are e-bikes available for under $1,000, if the price seems too good to be true, it probably is. Cheaper e-bikes are often made with subpar materials and low-quality batteries that degrade quickly and hold shorter charges. Poor-quality parts and batteries increase the risk of being stranded far from home and can lead to costly repairs and replacements. While it might be tough to justify, investing in a high-quality bike with durable components from the start will save you money and hassle in the long run because they are built to last much longer without needing repairs or replacements.

Assembly may require more effort

E-bikes often come with parts that need to be assembled, especially electrical components. This might seem minor, but it can pose a challenge for those lacking the strength, dexterity, or technical know-how to complete these tasks. If necessary, ask someone for help or consider having it assembled at your local bike shop. Alternatively, some retailers offer pre-assembled options.

Heavier and bulkier

One thing to keep in mind about e-bikes is that they are heavier and bulkier than standard bikes. Some can be as much as 50% heavier, weighing between 45 and 70 pounds (though some models can weigh even more)! Ensure you have a safe place to store this bulky item and consider whether you’ll be able to comfortably move it from one location to another. If weight is an issue, remember that fat tires, the battery, and the frame material all play a role in the bike’s overall weight. A steel-framed bike will typically weigh 2-3 pounds more than an aluminum one, but the two will likely cost about the same if all other components are identical. Fat tires provide better traction and stability, especially on gravel, wet surfaces, or uneven terrain, but they can be slightly slower to accelerate and maneuver compared to traditional tires. Most bikes come equipped with 250-500 watt motors, which work well, but if you need extra power or plan to ride challenging terrain, consider a more powerful 750 watt motor.

Keeping track of your battery charge is crucial since it discharges over time and when left unused for extended periods. All e-bikes come equipped with a bike computer that shows the battery charge level. However, battery charge levels don’t directly correspond to range, as factors like terrain and speed significantly affect how far you can go. For instance, riding fast on dirt or gravel can cut your range by more than half compared to riding at a moderate pace on pavement. Monitor your riding habits and range to estimate your personal limits. Neglecting these details could leave you stranded miles from home.

E-bike classifications

When e-bikes first hit the market, the federal government allowed states to regulate them independently. As a result, classification systems and applicable laws vary from state to state, and sometimes even county to county. Thirty-six states follow the standards originally established in California.

There are three distinct classes of e-bikes that determine how they should be used according to local laws:

Class 1 e-bikes are pedal-assisted by the motor up to 20 mph. Once you reach 20 mph, the motor stops assisting, and you must rely solely on your own effort to go faster. These bikes closely resemble traditional bikes and offer a very natural riding experience.

Class 2 e-bikes are equipped with a throttle that can be used alongside the pedal assist. For example, if you're climbing a steep hill and feel tired, you can use the throttle to engage the motor for assistance. Both the pedal assist and throttle will stop working once you reach 20 mph.

Class 3 e-bikes are pedal-assisted by the motor up to 28 mph and can also be throttle-driven up to 28 mph. These bikes are typically very powerful and perform similarly to gasoline-powered mopeds and scooters.

Potential for injury

While cycling can strengthen muscles, improve mobility, and address various health conditions, it can also lead to injury if precautions are not taken. The risks you face depend on how, when, and where you ride: riding on dedicated bike paths during daylight hours is much safer than sharing roads with cars at night.

There are ways to minimize your risk of injury. Choosing a trike for added stability is one way to reduce the chances of accidents related to balance. Trikes provide extra stability, making the ride safer overall. However, it’s easy to get carried away and ride faster than expected, which can be dangerous when braking. Activating brakes suddenly at high speeds could send you flying over the handlebars, so it’s important to watch your speed and always wear a helmet.

Things to Consider Before Buying an E-bike

There are several key considerations to make before committing financially to an e-bike. Understanding your goals, needs, bike specifications, and what it means to adopt cycling as a hobby is essential if you want to fully enjoy the many benefits that come with it.

Evaluate Your Goals

What do you hope to achieve with your e-bike? Are you planning leisurely rides around your neighborhood, using it for errands, or simply aiming to improve your fitness? Clarifying how you intend to use your e-bike is crucial for choosing one that will meet your needs and avoid it becoming a forgotten piece of equipment in your garage.

Evaluate Your Needs

Before deciding which e-bike best suits your needs, honestly assess your current physical abilities and fitness levels. Do you have temporary (such as post-surgery or injury recovery) or long-term mobility issues? These factors may influence which bike is the best fit. Avoid dismissing certain options because you feel it’s “cheating” or “weak”—this mindset can ultimately harm you in the long run.

Pay Attention to Specific Specs

It’s important to pay close attention to the specifications of an e-bike not only to ensure it fulfills your needs but also to avoid potential inconveniences. Factors like weight limits and motor size depend on your weight, whether you plan to carry additional loads or passengers, and the terrain you'll be riding on. Exceeding the bike’s weight capacity can hinder its performance and leave you (and any passengers) stranded! Additionally, weight should be a serious consideration if the bike needs to be carried upstairs or loaded onto a car.

Expect a Workout

No matter whether you choose an e-bike or e-trike, it’s still a bike, so you can expect a workout. While the supplemental power can reduce the intensity, the act of pedaling and the posture involved in riding mean you’ll still be exercising, with or without a little help from the motor.

Storing Your E-bike

Where and how you store your e-bike are among the most important decisions you can make regarding its care. When deciding the best place to store your bike, the main concerns are theft and exposure to the elements.

Never store an e-bike outside, such as on balconies or patios, as the elements can cause significant damage. If you live in a humid area or near saltwater bodies, avoid storing your bike outdoors. Moisture and salt accelerate corrosion, causing metal parts to rust more quickly. If you live in a cold climate and store your bike in a garage, remove the battery and store it indoors, as low temperatures can irreversibly damage lithium-ion batteries.

Outdoor storage also makes your bike vulnerable to theft. It’s far easier for thieves to steal a bike left outside than one locked inside a secured garage or storage shed. Always secure your e-bike properly with a U-lock (using two locks is even better) when leaving it unattended to increase the chances of finding it intact upon your return.

For more information on securing your e-bike, visit https://cyclingmagazine.ca/sections/gear-reviews/e-bike-lock/ (check out the secure lockups chart).

E-bike Insurance

Even the most conscientious e-bike and e-trike owners can encounter unexpected challenges. Coming home to find your bike missing or realizing you forgot to charge it the night before can certainly derail your plans. E-bike insurance could be exactly what you need to ensure peace of mind while riding. Whether it’s theft, personal injury, or bike damage, Velosurance, a leading bicycle insurance provider, has you covered. Visit velosurance.com to learn how to protect yourself and your e-bike.